Indian Constitution

Indian Constitution

Indian Constitution

Hello my friends,

This is my first blog and I think you will feel good and happy after reading this article.  

Today we will discuss about Our Constitution- “ THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION “

Friends in 2020 we will almost celebrate our 75^th anniversary of freedom. And the 70^th anniversary of Democracy. The main and the best of our India is our Constitution. Which gives us freedom of doing everything.

Indian Constitution is world’s Largest written Constitution.

So, here we saw the salient features of Indian Constitution, so friends here it is-

The Constitution of India is the supreme law in India. A Constitution is a set of rules and regulations guiding the administration of a country. The constitution of India is the framework for political principles, procedures and powers of the government. It is also the longest constitution in the world with 395 articles and 12 schedules. Originally it consisted of 395 Articles arranged under 22 Parts and 8 Schedules. Today after many amendments, it has 448 Article and 12 schedules and 25 parts ( According to 2019). The constitution was written on 26 November 1949, and was made the center of law in 26 January 1950.

India had to face many problems after independence. Rehabilitating the refugees who migrated from Pakistan, merging the princely states, maintenance of law and order were the major challenges. Sardar Patel successfully achieved the merger of the princely states and provinces with the Union of India. Even the challenge of framing a constitution in order to enable govern the country was also fulfilled.

The recommendations of the Motilal Nehru Committee and the decisions taken by the meeting of National Congress at Karachi prepared for the formation of a Constituent Assembly.

The first meeting of the new Constituent Assembly was conducted on 9th of December, 1946. The next meeting conducted in 11th of December, 1946 under the chairmanship of Dr. Rajendra Prasad. Participants included Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Vallabhai Patel, Dr.B.R.Ambedkar(Dr. Bhim Rao Ambekar)and Sarojini Naidu. Dr. B.R Ambedkar, chairman of the Drafting Committee, is often called the father of the Indian Constitution.

The 389 members of the Constituent Assembly formed many committees to examine in detail all the issues relating to the country. Dr.B.R.Ambedkar was the Chairman of one of the most important committees, i.e., the Drafting Committee. Other members of the committee were N.Gopalaswamy Iyengar, Alladi Krishnaswamy etc.

The Constituent Assembly, which came into existence on 11th of December 1946, had 145 meetings and framed a draft constitution. During these discussions, the various laws proposed by the British Government in 1909, 1919 and 1935, the British Parliamentary system, the American Bill of Rights, the Social Directive Policies of Ireland were studied and some parts of those were written in the Constitution. Finally, the Indian Constitution was approved on 26th of November, 1949 and came into effect on 26th of January, 1950. This day (January 26) is celebrated as the 'Republic Day' in India.

The Republicof India is divided into twenty-eight States, and eight union territories including the National Capital Territory.

States of India

SN. No.	States	Capitals	Code
1	Andhra Pradesh	Amaravati	AP
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Itanagar	AR
3	Assam	Dispur	AS
4	Bihar	Patna	BR
5	Chhattisgarh	Raipur	CT
6	Goa	Panaji	GA
7	Gujarat	Gandhi nagar	GJ
8	Haryana	Chandigarh	HR
9	Himachal Pradesh	Shimla	HP
10	Jharkhand	Ranchi	JH
11	Karnataka	Bengaluru	KA
12	Kerala	Thiruvananthapuram	KL
13	Madhya Pradesh	Bhopal	MP
14	Maharashtra	Mumbai	MH
15	Manipur	Imphal	MN
16	Meghalaya	Shillong	ML
17	Mizoram	Aizawl	MZ
18	Nagaland	Kohima	NL
19	Odisha	Bhubaneswar	OD
20	Punjab	Chandigarh	PB
21	Rajasthan	Jaipur	RJ
22	Sikkim	Gangtok	SK
23	Tamil Nadu	Chennai	TN
24	Telangana	Hyderabad	TS
25	Tripura	Agartala	TR
26	Uttar Pradesh	Lucknow	UP
27	Uttarakhand	Dehra Dun	UA/UK
28	West Bengal	Kolkata	WB

Union territories:

Region indicated in the map	Union territory	Capital
A	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Port Blair
B	Chandigarh	Chandigarh
C	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	Daman
D	Jammu & Kashmir	Srinagar
E	Ladakh	Leh
G	Delhi	New Delhi
F	Lakshadweep	Kavaratti
H and I	Puducherry	Puducherry

 

India, also known as Bharat, is a Union of States. It is a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic with a parliamentary system of government. The Republic is governed in terms of the Constitution of India which was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November, 1949 and came into force on 26th January, 1950. The Constitution provides for a Parliamentary form of government which is federal in structure with certain unitary features. The constitutional head of the Executive of the Union is the President. As per Article 79 of the Constitution of India, the council of the Parliament of the Union consists of the President and two Houses known as the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) and the House of the People (Lok Sabha). Article 74(1) of the Constitution provides that there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as its head to aid and advise the President, who shall exercise his/her functions in accordance to the advice. The real executive power is thus vested in the Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as its head.

Indian Constitution frames fundamental political principles, procedures, practices, rights, powers, and duties of the government. It imparts constitutional supremacy and not parliamentary supremacy, as it is not created by the Parliament but, by a constituent assembly, and adopted by its people, with a declaration in its preamble. Parliament cannot override it.

As we discuss above that The constitution of India was adopted on the 26th of November, in the year 1949. However, it came to effect on the 26th of January, 1950. 26th of January is celebrated as the Republic Day of India.

It was adopted by the Constitution Assembly. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar,  the chairman of the Drafting Committee, is widely considered to be the architect of the Constitution of India. After, the adoption of the constitution, The Union of India became the contemporary and modern Republic of India.

India is the largest democracy of the world. And our constitution plays a big role in our life it gives us the rights to live our life with full of dignity and respectfully.

So friends this is all for today. In my next blog you will find the best features of Our Constitution. And till than be happy, make your family happy, and respect our elders, respect our Indian armed forces, respect Our “Tiranga”, respect Indian society and Respect our Great Nation India.

JAI HIND JAI BHARAT.